Mejora de la durabilidad de compuestos de hormigón sostenibles que comprenden residuos de película metalizada, fibras de envases de alimentos y cenizas de caldera de aceite de palma
Palabras clave:
Compuestos de hormigón sostenibles, Residuos de fibras de polipropileno metalizados, Propiedades de resistencia, Penetración rápida de cloruro, Resistividad eléctricaResumen
El uso de residuos en la fabricación de hormigón sostenible y ecológico es particularmente atractivo debido al bajo costo de los residuos, el ahorro de espacio en los rellenos sanitarios y al desarrollo y mejora de las calidades del hormigón. Este artículo investiga la resistencia y la durabilidad de los compuestos de hormigón ecológico hechos de fibras de envases de alimentos de lámina metalizada (MFP por sus siglas en inglés) y ceniza de caldera de aceite de palma (POFA por sus siglas en inglés). Las propiedades exploradas incluyen las resistencias a la compresión y la tensión, la carbonatación, la contracción por secado, la resistividad eléctrica y las pruebas rápidas de penetración de cloruro en mezclas de hormigón. Con cemento Portland ordinario (CPO), se emplearon fibras MFP de 20 mm de longitud y fracciones de 6 volúmenes que variaban de 0 a 1,25 %. Se hicieron otras 6 mezclas de hormigón con 20 % de POFA en lugar de CPO. Los resultados mostraron que la adición de fibras MFP a las mezclas de hormigón reducía su resistencia a la compresión. Y a pesar de tener una reducción menor en la resistencia a la compresión, la inclusión de fibras MFP aumentó significativamente la resistencia a la tracción. Los hallazgos muestran que la combinación de fibras de MFP con POFA afecta sustancialmente la durabilidad del hormigón. La adición de fibras MFP a las mezclas de hormigón dio como resultado una reducción de la carbonatación y la contracción por secado. También se redujo la penetración de cloruros en las muestras mientras que la resistividad eléctrica de las muestras reforzadas aumentó casi un 80 en comparación con el hormigón ordinario.
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