Consecuencias ambientales, económicas y sociales del auge de la palma de aceite
Palabras clave:
biodiversidad, cambio climático, deforestación, pobreza, pequeños productores, IndonesiaResumen
El crecimiento en la demanda mundial de aceites vegetales en las últimas décadas ha llevado a un drástico aumento en el área de tierra sembrada con palma de aceite. Especialmente en el Sudeste Asiático, el auge de la palma de aceite ha contribuido al crecimiento económico, pero también ha generado críticas sobre sus efectos ambientales y sociales negativos. Aquí, discutimos las tendencias de producción y consumo de aceite de palma y revisamos las consecuencias ambientales, económicas y sociales en varias partes del mundo. La expansión de la palma de aceite ha contribuido a la deforestación tropical y a pérdidas asociadas a la biodiversidad y las funciones del ecosistema. Simultáneamente, ha aumentado los ingresos, generado empleo y reducido la pobreza en hogares agrícolas y no agrícolas. Cerca del 50 % de la tierra sembrada con palma de aceite en el mundo es administrada por pequeños productores. Es necesario reducir la disyuntiva de sostenibilidad entre la preservación de los bienes ambientales públicos mundiales y los beneficios económicos privados. Discutimos las implicaciones de políticas relacionadas con el crecimiento de la productividad, la protección de la selva tropical, el mosaico del paisaje, los derechos de propiedad de la tierra, la certificación de sostenibilidad y la inclusión de pequeños productores, entre otros.
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Qaim , M., Siregar, H. ., T. Sibhatu , K., & Grass , I. (2020). Consecuencias ambientales, económicas y sociales del auge de la palma de aceite. Palmas, 41(2). Recuperado a partir de https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/13167
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