Revisión sobre avances tecnológicos recientes en la producción de carbón activado a partir de residuos de la palma de aceite
Palabras clave:
carbón activado, biomasa, palma de aceite, optimización, aprovechamiento de residuosResumen
El potencial del carbón activado como elemento adsorbente ha sido reconocido en diversas aplicaciones debido a su bajo costo, su estructura porosa bien desarrollada y su elevada capacidad de adsorción. En la actualidad, la abundancia de residuos del cultivo de palma de aceite ha generado ciertos problemas ambientales. En consecuencia, estos desechos agrícolas podrían ser empleados como posibles precursores de bajo costo para la producción de carbón activado. Este artículo de revisión es un examen muy completo de avances recientes (2011-presente) en la utilización de residuos del cultivo de palma de aceite como origen de la producción de carbón activado. A lo largo de la revisión se hace énfasis en la metodología reciente de activación aplicada a los residuos de este cultivo, la cual comprende las siguientes modalidades de calentamiento térmico en horno convencional y de calentamiento por microondas. Así mismo, se hace referencia a los diseños experimentales aplicados a la fabricación de carbones activados a partir de residuos de palma de aceite. En términos generales, este artículo ayuda a los investigadores a avanzar en la búsqueda de una técnica sencilla y económicamente viable para la producción de carbón activado con propiedades fisicoquímicas sobresalientes y una excelente capacidad de adsorción a partir de los residuos provenientes de la palma de aceiteReferencias bibliográficas
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