Agua y nutrición: eficiencias necesarias frente al cambio y la variabilidad climática

Autores/as

  • Nolver A. Arias A.

Palabras clave:

Palma de aceite, Eficiencia de la nutrición, , Uso eficiente del agua, Cobertura del suelo

Resumen

Las alteraciones en el clima asociadas con el cambio y la variabilidad climática son una realidad e impactan las actividades agrícolas. Los cambios generados en variables como: la temperatura, la concentración de CO2 atmosférico, la intensidad y frecuencia de las lluvias, y la de los vientos, afectan variables del cultivo como la evapotranspiración, la fijación de CO2 y, al final, los rendimientos, así como la disponibilidad de tierras para el cultivo. Enfrentar los retos que plantean estos fenómenos climáticos implica el abordaje de múltiples estrategias. Sin embargo, el manejo eficiente del suelo, la nutrición y el agua en el cultivo, se constituyen en tres factores clave que ayudan a mitigar los impactos negativos previsibles. Entonces, es necesario: el incremento de la biodiversidad del suelo, la implementación de medidas de protección del suelo como las coberturas vegetales, el uso de microorganismos promotores de crecimiento, fuentes fertilizantes que incrementen la eficiencia, cultivares eficientes en el uso de nutrientes y el agua, y medidas que favorezcan el secuestro de carbono como el acompañamiento de la mayor diversidad posible de plantas al cultivo y la reducción en el uso de agroquímicos que permitan disminuir la huella de carbono de la producción de aceite de palma crudo. En este artículo se realiza una revisión de las eficiencias necesarias en cuanto al manejo de la nutrición y el
agua en el cultivo de la palma para disminuir el riesgo asociado con el cambio y la variabilidad climática.

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Arias A., N. A. (2021). Agua y nutrición: eficiencias necesarias frente al cambio y la variabilidad climática. Palmas, 42(1), 81–95. Recuperado a partir de https://publicaciones.fedepalma.org/index.php/palmas/article/view/13453

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2021-06-01

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